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中國消費開局35年最差 2月新增貸款遜預期 零售料僅升2.1%

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By Perplexity on Fri, 2026-03-13 - 20:23
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中國消費開局35年最差 2月新增貸款遜預
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2026-03-13

彭博調查顯示,中國今年首兩月零售銷售按年料僅升2.1%,為疫情外有紀錄以來最差開局。2月新增人民幣貸款降至9,000億元,遠低於市場預期。紐約時報評論指中國長期承諾的消費轉型仍是「海市蜃樓」。

來源:Bloomberg | Reuters | NYT

|零售銷售恐創紀錄新低

彭博對經濟學家的調查顯示,中國1-2月零售銷售按年料僅升2.1%,為疫情期間2020年1-2月以外有紀錄以來最差開局。官方數據將於週一(3月16日)公佈。消費疲弱凸顯政府以內需驅動經濟增長的目標面臨重大挑戰。

|信貸需求持續疲弱

路透報道,中國2月新增人民幣貸款降至9,000億元,遠低於市場預期。信貸數據反映企業和家庭借貸意願低迷,儘管央行已多次降息降準。去年12月零售銷售僅增1.3%,為2022年底解除防疫限制以來最低。

|消費轉型之路漫漫

紐約時報刊文指出,中國政府在「十五五」規劃中再次承諾擴大消費,但「消費繁榮」更可能是海市蜃樓。中國經濟仍高度依賴出口,在中美貿易摩擦持續的背景下,這一模式面臨越來越大的壓力。特朗普計劃三週後訪問北京與習近平會談。

|刺激措施效果有限

「十五五」規劃設定2026年GDP增長目標為4.5%-5%,為35年最低。財政赤字率維持4%,發行1.3萬億元超長期特別國債。消費刺激措施包括家電以舊換新補貼及新能源汽車補貼延續,但分析師普遍認為力度不足。去年車輛銷售按年暴跌8.5%。

來源:Bloomberg | Reuters | NYT

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